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Marajó ((:ˈiʎɐ dʒi mɐɾɐˈʒɔ)) is an island located at the mouth of the Amazon River in Brazil. It is part of the state of Pará.〔 Marajó is the largest fluvial island in the world, and the second largest island in South America. With a land area of Marajó is comparable in size to Switzerland. It is approximately long and wide.〔 The island is known for the pororoca, a tidal bore phenomenon that creates large waves that reach 4 meters in height. It is sought after by tourists in the area, especially surfing enthusiasts. == Geography == The northeast coastline of Marajó faces the Atlantic Ocean; the outflow from the Amazon between January and July is so great that the sea at the mouth is fresh water for some distance from shore. The city of Belém lies to the south across the southern fork (also called the Pará River) of the river's mouth.〔 The island sits almost directly on the equator. Together with smaller neighboring islands, separated from Marajó by rivers, it forms the Marajó Archipelago, with an aggregate area of .〔 Large parts of the islands are flooded during the rainy season because of higher water levels of the Amazon River along the coast and heavy rainfall in the interior. Marajó is almost entirely flat and during the rainy season much of the island turns into a large lake.〔 The east side of the island is dominated by savanna vegetation. There are large fazendas with animal husbandry.〔 This is also the location of Lake Arari, which has an area of but shrinks by 80% during the dry season.〔 There are large herds of domesticated water buffalo on the island.〔 The west side of the island is characterized by Várzea forests and small farms. Lumber and açaí are produced there. To the north of the large savanna area are palm swamps, mainly with Buriti Palm (''Mauritia flexuosa'') and ''Euterpe oleracea''. During the rainy season, the swamps are flooded one meter high. Little is known about the ecology of these swamps. There are 20 large rivers on the island. Because of oscillating water levels and regular floods, many settlements are built on stilts (''Palafitas''). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marajó」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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